{"id":7621,"date":"2024-04-25T09:32:29","date_gmt":"2024-04-25T01:32:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=7621"},"modified":"2025-11-10T11:22:10","modified_gmt":"2025-11-10T03:22:10","slug":"about-spinocerebellar-ataxia-sca","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=7621","title":{"rendered":"About Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"7621\" class=\"elementor elementor-7621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6db4637b elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"6db4637b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a5b3afb\" data-id=\"6a5b3afb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5990db8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5990db8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.11.5 - 14-03-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1366\" height=\"456\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u9f13\u52f5sca\u75c5\u60a3.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7602\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u9f13\u52f5sca\u75c5\u60a3.png 1366w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u9f13\u52f5sca\u75c5\u60a3-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u9f13\u52f5sca\u75c5\u60a3-1024x342.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u9f13\u52f5sca\u75c5\u60a3-768x256.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1366px) 100vw, 1366px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6487ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5d6487ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.11.5 - 14-03-2023 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-26b13de2 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"26b13de2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ebd9bfa\" data-id=\"ebd9bfa\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74e7c280 elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"74e7c280\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u9f13\u52f5sca\u75c5\u60a3-phone.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7603\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u9f13\u52f5sca\u75c5\u60a3-phone.png 1080w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u9f13\u52f5sca\u75c5\u60a3-phone-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u9f13\u52f5sca\u75c5\u60a3-phone-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u9f13\u52f5sca\u75c5\u60a3-phone-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u9f13\u52f5sca\u75c5\u60a3-phone-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4598a247 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4598a247\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1a38bc29 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"1a38bc29\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-41985d9c\" data-id=\"41985d9c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1c561a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c1c561a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.11.5 - 14-03-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">About Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA)<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1601897b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1601897b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.11.5 - 14-03-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Treatment for Spinocerebellar Ataxia currently lacks effective methods, and management mainly focuses on alleviating symptoms and improving quality of life based on clinical presentations such as slow movements, tremors, lack of muscle tone, stiffness in limbs, muscle spasms, and depression.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b12946a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3b12946a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA) is a rare disease that encompasses a group of disorders with similar symptoms, which may include symptoms of spinal cord and cerebellar lesions. Among these, Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA) is a dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease. To date, more than 48 different SCA subtypes have been identified, primarily affecting the cerebellum (especially Purkinje cells), brainstem, and other non-spinocerebellar tissues. The cause is an abnormal sequence in specific genes, with a hereditary rate of 50%. The disease usually manifests in adulthood (between the ages of 30 and 50) and progressively worsens over several decades. Some patients may survive nearly 30 years after symptoms appear. Additionally, onset can occur in adolescence or after the age of 70 due to differences in the size of the disease-causing DNA repeat.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">One of the most common subtypes is SCA3 (Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3), also known as Machado-Joseph disease (MJD). SCA3 is an inherited, fatal neurodegenerative disease attributed to abnormal accumulation of polyglutamine (polyQ) generated by the mutated ataxin-3 gene (ATXN3). Toxic fragments produced by the mutated ATXN3 can induce neuronal death, resulting in muscular incoordination in affected individuals.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The disease primarily affects the cerebellum, spinal cord, and brainstem, leading to coordination disorders. Typically, patients will need wheelchair assistance 10 to 15 years after symptom onset. The age of onset and severity of symptoms in SCA3 vary greatly among patients, even within the same family. This variability is due to the type of disease-causing genetic defect in SCA3, which involves a DNA triplet repeat expansion. The repeat expansion in SCA3 varies in size among affected individuals. Generally, the longer the repeat, the stronger the effect of the mutation, resulting in earlier disease onset. The greater the expansion, the more severe the disease.<br \/><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Globally, approximately 3 out of 100,000 individuals are affected by spinocerebellar ataxia, with an estimated 15,000 to 20,000 cases reported in the United States alone. As of August 2023, the Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare has reported 1,534 cases. Based on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S1353802025008168\">a gene analysis of 876 Taiwanese patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia<\/a> (SCA) evaluated at a national referral center over nearly 25 years, SCA3 is the most prevalent subtype (56.6%), followed by SCA2 and SCA6. Furthermore, the size of the nucleotide repeat expansion in all subtypes shows a negative correlation with the age of onset. Variations exist among subtypes concerning the range of repeat size (SCA6 being the narrowest, SCA8 the widest) and the proportion of sporadic cases (SCA8 having the highest percentage).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">To date, there is no effective treatment available, underscoring the ongoing need for active exploration and research by scientists.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b28587 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2b28587\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b4c2333 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3b4c2333\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.11.5 - 14-03-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-divider{--divider-border-style:none;--divider-border-width:1px;--divider-color:#2c2c2c;--divider-icon-size:20px;--divider-element-spacing:10px;--divider-pattern-height:24px;--divider-pattern-size:20px;--divider-pattern-url:none;--divider-pattern-repeat:repeat-x}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider{display:flex}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{font-size:15px;line-height:1;max-width:95%}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__element{margin:0 var(--divider-element-spacing);flex-shrink:0}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-icon{font-size:var(--divider-icon-size)}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider-separator{display:flex;margin:0;direction:ltr}.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text 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.elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not([class*=elementor-widget-divider--view]) .elementor-divider-separator{width:100%;min-height:var(--divider-pattern-height);-webkit-mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;-webkit-mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);background-color:var(--divider-color);-webkit-mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url);mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url)}.elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing{--divider-pattern-size:auto}.elementor-widget-divider--bg-round{--divider-pattern-repeat:round}.rtl .elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{direction:rtl}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-divider,.e-con>.elementor-widget-divider{width:var(--container-widget-width,100%);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-706fb584 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"706fb584\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-936d040 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"936d040\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Background of Spinocerebellar Ataxia<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-38ad43f8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"38ad43f8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a054cbf\" data-id=\"6a054cbf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28dd146 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"28dd146\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5c0f\u8166\u8a3a\u65b7.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7586\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5c0f\u8166\u8a3a\u65b7.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5c0f\u8166\u8a3a\u65b7-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5c0f\u8166\u8a3a\u65b7-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-69f2c561\" data-id=\"69f2c561\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3119afe7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3119afe7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Lack of Effective Treatment:<\/b> Currently, there are no effective treatments available for cerebellar atrophy. Symptomatic treatment is provided based on clinical manifestations such as delayed movements, tremors, lack of muscle tone, stiffness, muscle spasms, and depression, aiming to improve the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=7010\">quality of life<\/a>. Future therapies for SCA may include gene therapy, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) gene editing, stem cell therapy, antisense oligonucleotides (ASO), and drug formulations.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a; font-size: 1.4rem;\"><b>Loss of Coordination:<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #0d344a;\">Patients are usually diagnosed with Spinocerebellar Ataxia after experiencing the following symptoms, which are confirmed by a physician: poor coordination, slurred speech, difficulty eating and swallowing, limited fine motor skills, difficulty walking, abnormal gait, abnormal eye movements, tremors, and heart problems. The range of symptoms in SCA3 is typically broader than in other forms of ataxia.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"font-size: 1.4rem; color: #0d344a;\"><b>Portrayal in Films and TV Shows:<\/b> The Japanese classic TV drama &#8220;1 Litre of Tears&#8221; (\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u6d99) was adapted from a script written by a cerebellar atrophy patient. Diagnosed with the disease at the age of 15, the author found solace in diary writing to encourage herself to persevere in life. With the support of family and friends, she bravely lived until the age of 25 before passing away. The final episode of the drama achieved a remarkable 20% viewership rating in Japan, sparking significant public response. In 2011, Taiwan released a film titled &#8220;Take Me to the Moon,&#8221; depicting the true story of a husband pushing his wheelchair-bound wife, who suffered from cerebellar atrophy, to circumnavigate the island on foot. Through these cinematic works, we gain deeper insight into the challenges faced by individuals with cerebellar atrophy and their families, while also witnessing their courageous spirit and resilience in life.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a; font-size: 1.4rem;\"><b>Diagnosis: <\/b>Cerebellar atrophy is often misdiagnosed as other neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis. A more widely known example would be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=5863\">amyotrophic lateral sclerosis<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=5863\">ALS<\/a>), which is a central nervous system disorder involving the degeneration of motor neurons. Although initial symptoms may appear similar, ALS and cerebellar atrophy occur in different locations within the brain and are entirely distinct diseases. Physicians assess patients for symptoms of cerebellar and spinal cord neurodegeneration through neurological examinations. Additional evaluation includes family history assessment, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and genetic testing to confirm the diagnosis of cerebellar atrophy.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62b9f5fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"62b9f5fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f9868af elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5f9868af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Current Treatment for Spinocerebellar Ataxia<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-61af7a7c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"61af7a7c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ddf772\" data-id=\"2ddf772\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1741f631 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1741f631\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5c0f\u8166\u840e\u7e2e.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7576\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5c0f\u8166\u840e\u7e2e.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5c0f\u8166\u840e\u7e2e-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5c0f\u8166\u840e\u7e2e-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d2699a2\" data-id=\"d2699a2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76512233 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76512233\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Spinocerebellar Ataxia currently lacks effective treatment, and management focuses on symptom relief, improving quality of life, and delaying disease progression. Possible treatment options include:<\/span><\/p><ol><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Medication:<\/b> Symptom control through medication is a common approach. For instance, antispasmodic drugs can alleviate muscle spasms and tremors. Other medications may be prescribed to manage conditions such as insomnia or depression.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Physical Therapy:<\/b> Physical therapy aims to enhance muscle strength, coordination, and daily functioning, thus improving quality of life. Exercises like muscle training, balance training, and walking exercises are employed to achieve this.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Speech Therapy:<\/b> Speech therapists assist patients in overcoming speech and communication difficulties, enhancing their speaking and communication skills.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Supportive Care:<\/b> Emotional support and caregiving are essential aspects of managing cerebellar atrophy. Providing support to both patients and their families helps them cope with the impact of the disease and offers necessary social and psychological support.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Early diagnosis and collaboration with healthcare professionals for comprehensive treatment can help patients better manage symptoms, improve their quality of life, delay disease progression, and alleviate the burden on caregivers.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd81247 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cd81247\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1935861X25003432\">A recent study<\/a> involving 38 patients with SCA3 investigated the effects of cerebellar intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS). Results showed that the treatment group demonstrated significant improvement in ICARS scores and a marked slowdown in disease progression after treatment and at the 3-month follow-up. TMS-EEG findings indicated that iTBS restored cerebellar cortical inhibition, enhanced \u03b2-band activity, and normalized motor cortical function. Overall, cerebellar iTBS appears to have the potential to stabilize disease progression and improve ataxia symptoms.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4629a27f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4629a27f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2bf72b4b elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"2bf72b4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-183f6489 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"183f6489\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d4cf793 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d4cf793\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">The medications currently under investigation in clinical trials include:<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-740ff236 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"740ff236\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Due to the limited efficacy of current medications and their limited impact on patient survival and quality of life, many researchers are seeking more effective drugs and treatment methods.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-21ec13c8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"21ec13c8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6cce6cb\" data-id=\"6cce6cb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a22af6f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3a22af6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Stemchymal.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7570\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Stemchymal.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Stemchymal-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Stemchymal-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2dc7555c\" data-id=\"2dc7555c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a2e79ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a2e79ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Stemchymal<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/strong><\/span><\/h6><ul><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Stemchymal\u00ae is an off-the-shelf stem cell product developed by Taiwan&#8217;s Steminent Biotherapeutics Inc. for the treatment of PolyQ spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs).<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a; font-size: 14px;\">It has completed Phase I\/II clinical trials and Phase II clinical trials in Taiwan.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">At the 2025 World Orphan Drug Congress, Anovatek Biotech announced the Phase II clinical trial results of its new drug, Stemchymal\u00ae, conducted in Taiwan and Japan. Based on one-year follow-up data, patients with moderate to severe SCA3 in the treatment group showed a significant slowdown in disease progression. Some patients even demonstrated an improvement of more than one point on the SARA (Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia, 0\u201340 points), forming a sharp contrast with untreated patients, whose scores worsened by an average of 1.5 points per year (<a href=\"https:\/\/udn.com\/news\/story\/7238\/8695308\">news<\/a>)<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Reference:<\/span>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/steminent.com\/cases\/lists?cases_category_id=1&amp;page=1\">website<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2ddf902e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"2ddf902e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-60215cc9\" data-id=\"60215cc9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-540b28ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"540b28ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u81a0\u56ca1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7606\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u81a0\u56ca1.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u81a0\u56ca1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u81a0\u56ca1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-cd72992\" data-id=\"cd72992\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-416e78ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"416e78ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Rovatirelin\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h6><div><ul><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Teshirogi, a derivative of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) developed by Kissei Pharmaceutical in Japan, acts by binding to TRH receptors distributed in the central nervous system. It promotes the release of monoamine neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine and dopamine to activate the nervous system, aiming to improve ataxia in patients with spinocerebellar degeneration.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a; font-size: 14px;\">The company <u>temporarily withdrew its application for market approval in 2023<\/u> and discussed the possibility of additional clinical trials with the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA). As of 2024, there have been no recent updates on this matter.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2acb23fd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"2acb23fd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ae45435\" data-id=\"5ae45435\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c5d5cbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2c5d5cbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TSCA-001.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7593\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TSCA-001.png 1080w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TSCA-001-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TSCA-001-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TSCA-001-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TSCA-001-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1e93a114\" data-id=\"1e93a114\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-705adb6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"705adb6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>TSCA-001<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">TSCA-001 is a drug under development by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=1932\">Everfront Biotech<\/a> for the treatment of SCA3. It has completed preclinical efficacy testing in animals at this stage.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 1.4rem; color: #0d344a;\">The function of TSCA-001 is to regulate the early metabolism pathway of kynurenine, reducing the expression of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2) and thereby lowering the production of downstream neurotoxic metabolite quinolinic acid (QA). Additionally, by controlling TDO2, TSCA-001 also reduces the levels of active calpain, an important enzyme involved in the degradation of mutant ATXN3 protein, thereby decreasing the generation of toxic fragments and related neurotoxicity.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 1.4rem; color: #0d344a;\">The active small molecule drug TSCA-001 has high penetrability and can cross the blood-brain barrier. Through formulation design, it can achieve higher drug concentrations in targeted therapeutic organs such as the brain (including the cerebrum and cerebellum).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">More information&gt;&gt;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=6299\"><b>TSCA-001<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f5eee73 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"f5eee73\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-73da416\" data-id=\"73da416\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-778c45e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"778c45e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u725b\u6a1f\u829d.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-10975\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u725b\u6a1f\u829d.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u725b\u6a1f\u829d-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u725b\u6a1f\u829d-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-30885e6\" data-id=\"30885e6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b870a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0b870a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>AC-04<\/strong><\/span><\/h6><ul><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">AC-04 is a plant-based new drug developed by ALPS Biotech for alleviating symptoms of cerebellar atrophy. Its mechanism of action is to inhibit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, aiming to reduce neuroinflammation caused by cerebellar atrophy and slow the progression of the disease.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The primary source of AC-04 is triterpenes extracted from the fruiting bodies of Antrodia cinnamomea, with a main component content of up to 85%, in compliance with FDA regulations.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Currently, this new drug is undergoing a clinical trial at National Taiwan University Hospital, titled &#8220;Effects of Oral Antrodia Cinnamomea on Clinical Symptoms of Spinocerebellar Ataxia,&#8221; aiming to study the impact of food-grade capsules on neurodegenerative diseases.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Reference: <a href=\"https:\/\/alps.com.tw\/news\/display\/118\">https:\/\/alps.com.tw\/news\/display\/118<\/a><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7ebaa684 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"7ebaa684\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-775e042f\" data-id=\"775e042f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37e98802 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"37e98802\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"709\" height=\"709\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/tablet1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-11285\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/tablet1.png 709w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/tablet1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/tablet1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-41475e73\" data-id=\"41475e73\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-391b5212 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"391b5212\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong><b>Troriluzole<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h6><div><ul><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Troriluzole is a prodrug of Riluzole, currently used in the treatment of ALS. It is a medication that acts by blocking glutamate, an excitatory amino acid believed to be associated with excitotoxicity and neuronal degeneration.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"font-size: 1.4rem; color: #0d344a;\">The oral formulation of Troriluzole developed by Biohaven is a small molecule drug discovered through the glutamate modulation platform. Unfortunately, the Phase III clinical trial results in 2022 (NCT03701399) <u>for the treatment of SCA3 did not meet its primary endpoint of statistical significance<\/u>. The drug is now being redirected towards clinical trials for obsessive-compulsive disorder.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a; font-size: 1.4rem;\">After increasing the dosage to 200 mg, Biohaven announced the 3-year clinical trial results in 2024. Compared to untreated patients, those who received active drug treatment experienced a 50-70% slower rate of disease progression (delaying disease progression by 1.5 to 2.2 years) (Source:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.neurologylive.com\/view\/biohaven-submit-nda-troriluzole-all-spinocerebellar-ataxia-forms-positive-phase-3-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">news<\/a>).\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a; font-size: 1.4rem;\">Additionally, clinical trial results published in 2022 for Riluzole showed no improvement in clinical or radiological outcomes in patients with SCA type 2.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a; font-size: 1.4rem;\">In November 2025, the U.S. FDA issued a refusal (Complete Response Letter) to Biohaven&#8217;s New Drug Application for troriluzole for the treatment of Spinocerebellar Ataxia, despite the drug being shown to significantly slow disease progression by 50% to 70%. The FDA&#8217;s primary reason for the refusal was questioning the validity and design of the &#8220;real-world evidence and external control studies&#8221; used in the primary supporting data. Biohaven expressed extreme disappointment and has requested a formal meeting with the FDA to resolve the dispute (Source:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.empr.com\/news\/fda-denies-approval-of-troriluzole-for-spinocerebellar-ataxia\/\">news<\/a>).\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f92c9c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5f92c9c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-797c2e1 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"797c2e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61316fcf elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"61316fcf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61e68d24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"61e68d24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Care and Precautions for Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA)<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a7b3f21 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"4a7b3f21\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-41aaa73e\" data-id=\"41aaa73e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29aa7f0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"29aa7f0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u652f\u6301-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-7595\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u652f\u6301-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u652f\u6301-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u652f\u6301.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-db5838c\" data-id=\"db5838c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68a295 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68a295\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Psychological Support<\/b><\/span><\/h6><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Cerebellar atrophy is a neurological disorder that leads to the degeneration and impairment of cerebellar tissue. Patients may experience symptoms such as muscle atrophy, motor dysfunction, and speech and cognitive impairment. Family members and caregivers need to understand these symptoms and how to address the patient&#8217;s care needs.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-679fdd45 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"679fdd45\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-353f2de8\" data-id=\"353f2de8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26cd9ae5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"26cd9ae5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u852c\u679c-1-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-7605\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u852c\u679c-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u852c\u679c-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u852c\u679c-1.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4674bcea\" data-id=\"4674bcea\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d31c2a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1d31c2a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Dietary Considerations<\/b><\/span><\/h6><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Due to neurological degeneration in the brain, patients with cerebellar atrophy may experience difficulty swallowing and delayed swallowing. Therefore, it is advisable to avoid overly dry or thick foods and prioritize easily flowing foods. Additionally, increasing intake of anthocyanins, folic acid, and reducing consumption of trans fatty acids can help reduce the risk of brain inflammation.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Recently, Niigata University in Japan conducted a clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of L-arginine in treating Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 6 (SCA6). Animal studies have shown that L-arginine can inhibit PolyQ protein aggregation and slow the progression of the disease. After 48 weeks, the average SARA score in the L-arginine group improved by 1.5 points compared to the placebo group. However, the difference between the two groups did not reach statistical significance (source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.news-medical.net\/news\/20241203\/L-arginine-shows-potential-in-treating-spinocerebellar-ataxia-type-6.aspx\">news article<\/a>).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Patients with cerebellar atrophy may benefit from consuming foods rich in L-arginine, including legumes (such as peanuts, black sesame seeds, black soybeans, and soybeans) and meats (such as salmon, beef, and Matsuura pork).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2bfe6845 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"2bfe6845\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f113f48\" data-id=\"4f113f48\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fba9a3a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fba9a3a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u7269\u7406\u6cbb\u7642-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-7597\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u7269\u7406\u6cbb\u7642-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u7269\u7406\u6cbb\u7642-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u7269\u7406\u6cbb\u7642.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5222d157\" data-id=\"5222d157\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c55e853 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c55e853\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Regular Physiotherapy Sessions<\/b><\/span><\/h6><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Despite the impact of cerebellar atrophy on patients&#8217; motor abilities, regular exercise and physiotherapy remain crucial. Adequate exercise can help improve muscle strength and coordination, alleviate muscle stiffness and pain, and maintain joint flexibility. Family members and caregivers should encourage patients to participate in appropriate exercise and physiotherapy activities.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">A 33-year-old young man in Hong Kong maintains his physical abilities by doing exercises at home, focusing on his chest, back, and arms. He also rides a stationary bike for an hour each day and can lift 4 kg dumbbells. This approach can serve as a reference for others with similar conditions, as long as they keep the intensity appropriate and avoid overexertion that could lead to injury. (Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/paper.hket.com\/article\/3753417\/90%E5%BE%8C%E5%B0%8F%E8%85%A6%E8%90%8E%E7%B8%AE%E7%97%87%E6%82%A3%E8%80%85%20%E6%A9%9F%E8%83%BD%E9%80%80%E5%8C%96%E4%BB%8D%E5%A0%85%E6%8C%81%E5%9C%A8%E5%AE%B6%E9%8D%9B%E7%B7%B4%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%8D%E9%A1%98%E5%81%9A%E5%80%8B%E6%86%A4%E4%B8%96%E5%AB%89%E4%BF%97%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA\">Newspaper<\/a>)<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Additionally, a research team led by Dr. Akiyoshi Matsugi from the Rehabilitation Institute of Shij\u014dnawate Gakuen University in Osaka, Japan, conducted a study involving 398 patients with Degenerative Cerebellar Ataxia (DCA). The findings revealed that through physical therapy, particularly muscle strengthening, coordination training, gait training, and activities of daily living (ADL) training, symptoms of DCA can be alleviated. Furthermore, balance training and aerobic exercise can be incorporated into the rehabilitation program to further alleviate symptoms. (Source: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/neurology\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2024.1491142\/full\">publication<\/a><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">)<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3c82ec67 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"3c82ec67\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-482f36e7\" data-id=\"482f36e7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33077737 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"33077737\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5b9a\u671f\u8a3a\u6cbb-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-7607\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5b9a\u671f\u8a3a\u6cbb-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5b9a\u671f\u8a3a\u6cbb-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5b9a\u671f\u8a3a\u6cbb.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-522af4fb\" data-id=\"522af4fb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0d5fbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c0d5fbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Regular Medical Checkups and Follow-ups<\/b><\/span><\/h6><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">For individuals with cerebellar atrophy, regular medical checkups and treatments are crucial. They help monitor the progression of the disease, detect and address any underlying health issues early on, and ensure patients receive appropriate medication and support.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-116844d6 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"116844d6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-341607a7\" data-id=\"341607a7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d25e58a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6d25e58a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u74b0\u5883-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-7598\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u74b0\u5883-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u74b0\u5883-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u74b0\u5883.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-76ffc8a3\" data-id=\"76ffc8a3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73ffe1d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73ffe1d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Safe Environment<\/b><\/span><\/h6><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Individuals with cerebellar atrophy may experience mobility issues or poor coordination. It&#8217;s essential for family members and caregivers to ensure a safe environment at home to prevent accidental injuries. Additionally, providing a comfortable living environment, including appropriate temperature, adequate lighting, safe walking spaces, and comfortable bedding, can help improve the patient&#8217;s quality of life.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-168dd543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"168dd543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10da1ce3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"10da1ce3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Reference<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56ffbce3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"56ffbce3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.neurologylive.com\/view\/troriluzole-shows-promise-spinocerebellar-ataxia-type-3-subgroup-despite-failing-achieve-primary-end-point\">https:\/\/www.neurologylive.com\/view\/troriluzole-shows-promise-spinocerebellar-ataxia-type-3-subgroup-despite-failing-achieve-primary-end-point<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S1474442221004579\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S1474442221004579<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kissei.co.jp\/e_contents\/news\/2023\/20230719-4670.html\">https:\/\/www.kissei.co.jp\/e_contents\/news\/2023\/20230719-4670.html<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54a74883 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"54a74883\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Websites Concerning Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA) Care<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33eafae4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"33eafae4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/\">National Ataxia Foundation<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/rarediseases.org\/\">The National Organization for Rare Disorders<\/a>\u00a0<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tscaa.org.tw\/\">Taiwan Spinocerebellar Ataxia Association<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tfrd.org.tw\/\">Taiwan Foundation for Rare Disordes<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/rdforum.chinaicf.org\/content\/310\">China Spinocerebellar Ataxia Association<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkscaa.org\/\">Hong Kong Spinocerebellar Ataxia Association<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-277479ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"277479ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-754d6bb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"754d6bb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">This article is provided for informational purposes only regarding industry information. The development of new drugs involves lengthy timelines, high financial investments, and is not guaranteed to be successful. These factors may expose investors to risks, and therefore, investors should exercise caution and prudence when making investment decisions.<\/span>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cb4eb87 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"cb4eb87\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c40d85f\" data-id=\"c40d85f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3323f87 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3323f87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-028513e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"028513e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Development Pipeline<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f12e533 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"f12e533\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-511d179\" data-id=\"511d179\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-174b216 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"174b216\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0ccf2e9\" data-id=\"0ccf2e9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1c0a7d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f1c0a7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pipeline-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1709\" alt=\"Pepline - EF-001\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pipeline-1.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pipeline-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pipeline-1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e0e832 elementor-align-center e-transform e-transform elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6e0e832\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_transform_scale_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.03,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=1778\" class=\"elementor-button-link elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">EF-001<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7425e9d\" data-id=\"7425e9d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54e0929 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"54e0929\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1710\" alt=\"Pepline - EF-009\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-2.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-2-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-2-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0d901a elementor-align-center e-transform e-transform elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"f0d901a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_transform_scale_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.03,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=1870\" class=\"elementor-button-link elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">EF-009<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-633e398\" data-id=\"633e398\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-46ef55a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"46ef55a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc8ebfd\" data-id=\"cc8ebfd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11e6c33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"11e6c33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-3.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1711\" alt=\"Pepline - HK-001\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-3.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-3-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-3-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd38f20 elementor-align-center e-transform e-transform elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"dd38f20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_transform_scale_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.03,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=3417\" class=\"elementor-button-link elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">HK-001<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-aef9dec\" data-id=\"aef9dec\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c5e44d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1c5e44d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pepline-4-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1713\" alt=\"Pepline - EF-031\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pepline-4-1.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pepline-4-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pepline-4-1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95d7804 elementor-align-center e-transform e-transform elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"95d7804\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_transform_scale_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.03,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=5401\" class=\"elementor-button-link elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">EF-031<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>About Spinocerebella<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7621"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7621"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7621\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12640,"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7621\/revisions\/12640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7621"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}