{"id":5863,"date":"2024-10-15T12:16:34","date_gmt":"2024-10-15T04:16:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=5863"},"modified":"2026-02-10T11:18:56","modified_gmt":"2026-02-10T03:18:56","slug":"neurodegenerative-diseases-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-als","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=5863","title":{"rendered":"Neurodegenerative Diseases &#8211; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"5863\" class=\"elementor elementor-5863\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6b11d777 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"6b11d777\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-691a2332\" data-id=\"691a2332\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11fe3a8 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"11fe3a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.11.5 - 14-03-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1366\" height=\"456\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/about-ALS.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7097\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/about-ALS.png 1366w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/about-ALS-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/about-ALS-1024x342.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/about-ALS-768x256.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1366px) 100vw, 1366px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32fa6628 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"32fa6628\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.11.5 - 14-03-2023 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1e892c9f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"1e892c9f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-faaed26\" data-id=\"faaed26\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1829ce5d elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1829ce5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ALS-phone.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7098\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ALS-phone.png 1080w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ALS-phone-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ALS-phone-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ALS-phone-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ALS-phone-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b54647c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6b54647c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6ade2b9d elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"6ade2b9d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-27288cda\" data-id=\"27288cda\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a1d43e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2a1d43e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.11.5 - 14-03-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cc02f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3cc02f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.11.5 - 14-03-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\"><strong>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is one of the motor neuron diseases, classified as a neurodegenerative disorder, leading to muscle atrophy and weakness throughout the body, ultimately causing physical disabilities.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-264d7272 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"264d7272\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">In 2014, the ALS Association in the United States launched the &#8220;Ice Bucket Challenge,&#8221; a fundraising campaign that successfully garnered global attention for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS, commonly referred to as &#8220;Lou Gehrig&#8217;s Disease&#8221; or &#8220;Motor Neurone Disease&#8221;). According to many patients, the sensation of ice water pouring down during the challenge symbolized the chilling and overwhelming feeling experienced at the moment of diagnosis, as if one had fallen into a freezing void, filled with uncertainty.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">In\u00a0October\u00a02024,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.als.org\/stories-news\/new-report-highlights-progress-made-because-als-ice-bucket-challenge\">the\u00a0ALS\u00a0Association<\/a>\u00a0announced\u00a0the\u00a0benefits\u00a0brought\u00a0about\u00a0by\u00a0the\u00a0Ice\u00a0Bucket\u00a0Challenge\u00a0over\u00a0the\u00a0past\u00a0decade.\u00a0They\u00a0also\u00a0expressed\u00a0gratitude\u00a0to\u00a0those\u00a0willing\u00a0to\u00a0get\u00a0soaked\u00a0for\u00a0a\u00a0good\u00a0cause!<\/span><\/p><ul><li class=\"ps-2\"><p><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Raised\u00a0$115\u00a0million:<\/strong>\u00a0The\u00a0Ice\u00a0Bucket\u00a0Challenge\u00a0raised\u00a0unprecedented\u00a0funds\u00a0for\u00a0ALS\u00a0research,\u00a0care,\u00a0and\u00a0advocacy.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"ps-2\"><p><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>$1\u00a0billion\u00a0impact:<\/strong>\u00a0The\u00a0funds\u00a0accelerated\u00a0ALS\u00a0research,\u00a0improved\u00a0care\u00a0access,\u00a0and\u00a0increased\u00a0government\u00a0support,\u00a0totaling\u00a0nearly\u00a0$1\u00a0billion\u00a0in\u00a0ALS\u00a0research\u00a0funding.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"ps-2\"><p><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Research\u00a0grants:<\/strong>\u00a0Over\u00a0$155\u00a0million\u00a0awarded\u00a0across\u00a0560\u00a0projects,\u00a0doubling\u00a0pre-Challenge\u00a0investments.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"ps-2\"><p><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Key\u00a0breakthroughs:<\/strong>\u00a0Identification\u00a0of\u00a0new\u00a0therapeutic\u00a0targets,\u00a0biomarkers,\u00a0and\u00a0genes.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"ps-2\"><p><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Improved\u00a0care:<\/strong>\u00a0Number\u00a0of\u00a0ALS\u00a0clinics\u00a0more\u00a0than\u00a0doubled,\u00a0enhancing\u00a0patient\u00a0care\u00a0and\u00a0equipment\u00a0access.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"ps-2\"><p><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Increased\u00a0funding:<\/strong>\u00a0Successful\u00a0advocacy\u00a0increased\u00a0federal\u00a0and\u00a0state\u00a0funding\u00a0for\u00a0ALS\u00a0programs.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4f01a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b4f01a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The onset age of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as Lou Gehrig&#8217;s disease, typically ranges from 40 to 70 years, with an average onset age of 55 years. The incidence of ALS in men is approximately 20% higher than in women. However, as age increases, the incidence rate gap between men and women gradually narrows. It has been ten years since the Ice Bucket Challenge began in 2014, and annually there are about 5,000 to 6,000 new cases diagnosed in the United States, while Taiwan sees an addition of 100 to 200 cases each year. According to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/21678421.2024.2447919#abstract\">the latest estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States<\/a>, the number of ALS cases in 2022 was estimated at 32,893, and by 2030, it is expected to reach 36,308 cases (an increase of over 10%). The most significant increase is among individuals aged 66 and older, with an increase of up to 25%. Furthermore, the global number of ALS patients could increase by 69% (376,674 cases) by 2040, with the number of patients in Taiwan approaching 1,000.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5 data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"84\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>ALS Patients Face Triple the Medical Costs in Their First Year After Diagnosis<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n<p data-start=\"86\" data-end=\"370\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">According to a 2025 study published in <em data-start=\"125\" data-end=\"163\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ajmc.com\/view\/medicare-expenditures-in-the-first-year-of-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-diagnosis\">The American Journal of Managed Care<\/a><\/em>, Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) had an average first-year medical expenditure of <strong data-start=\"288\" data-end=\"299\">$47,450<\/strong>, more than <strong data-start=\"311\" data-end=\"326\">three times<\/strong> that of the average Medicare beneficiary.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"372\" data-end=\"772\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">About one-third of patients used <strong data-start=\"405\" data-end=\"417\">riluzole<\/strong> or <strong data-start=\"421\" data-end=\"434\">edaravone<\/strong> within the first year after diagnosis\u201431.7% used riluzole and 5.2% used edaravone. Patients taking these medications faced significantly higher medical costs, mainly due to drug prices and treatment methods. The economic burden of ALS extends beyond medical expenses, encompassing caregiving costs, income loss, and home modifications.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"774\" data-end=\"951\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Beginning in 2025, the Medicare Part D annual out-of-pocket spending cap was reduced to <strong data-start=\"862\" data-end=\"872\">$2,000<\/strong>, potentially easing the financial strain associated with ALS drug therapies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"953\" data-end=\"1157\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Overall, ALS remains a costly and financially burdensome disease. The study urges policymakers to review reimbursement and coverage policies to ensure patients have access to affordable treatment options.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Why Do People Get ALS?<\/strong> Approximately 90% of ALS cases have no clear family history or genetic mutation as the cause. The remaining 5-10% of cases are known as Familial ALS (FALS), which are inherited through known genetic mutations associated with the disease. Additionally, increasing research indicates that exposure to environmental toxins, head, neck, or spinal cord injuries, and occupational pollutants may contribute to the risk of developing ALS. In 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tobaccoinduceddiseases.org\/Association-of-smoking-with-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-A-systematic-review-and,175731,0,2.html\">Tobacco Induced Diseases<\/a> revealed a positive correlation between smoking and ALS, making smoking cessation one of the ways to reduce the risk of ALS. However, there is currently no definitive evidence identifying the key risk factors, so avoiding these potential risks is recommended for prevention. A 2025 article published in the <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.16464\">European Journal of Neurology<\/a> indicated that a survey of residents living near farmlands in northwestern Italy showed a significantly increased risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The onset age was also notably younger, with the median age advancing by 3.4 years, potentially linked to environmental pollutants such as pesticides near farmlands.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Common neurodegenerative diseases, including ALS, Parkinson&#8217;s disease (PD), Alzheimer&#8217;s disease (AD), <a style=\"color: #0d344a;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=7621\">Spinocerebellar Atrophy<\/a> (<a style=\"color: #0d344a;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=7621\">SCA<\/a>), Multiple sclerosis (MS), Huntington&#8217;s Disease (HD), and Wilson&#8217;s Disease, primarily involve the gradual degeneration of neurons in the brain and spinal cord. As brain and spinal cord neurons are generally non-regenerative, excessive damage is irreversible, leading to ongoing deterioration over time and ultimately resulting in functional impairments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>How to Prevent ALS?<\/strong> To date, there is no viable method to prevent ALS. Scientists worldwide are continuously searching for ways to detect the disease early or delay its onset, hoping for significant breakthroughs in the near future.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3bc4d366 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3bc4d366\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37357c52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"37357c52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Background of ALS<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-64e8184b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"64e8184b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-35f059a5\" data-id=\"35f059a5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b8a0491 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2b8a0491\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"709\" height=\"709\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u8f2a\u6905.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-3125\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u8f2a\u6905.png 709w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u8f2a\u6905-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u8f2a\u6905-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-68104209\" data-id=\"68104209\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78680d98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"78680d98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Lack of Effective Treatment:<\/strong> Currently, there is no cure for ALS, and available treatments can only slow disease progression and improve the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=7010\">quality of life<\/a>. <\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>High Fatality Rate:<\/strong> According to statistics from the ALS Association, patients typically have an average survival of about 2 to 5 years after onset, although this can vary among individuals, with only 10% of patients surviving beyond 10 years. ALS patients usually experience progressive neuro-muscular atrophy, limb paralysis, speech and swallowing difficulties, and eventually respiratory failure within 2-3 years, leading to long-term reliance on ventilators, ultimately resulting in death as the symptoms continue to worsen. <\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Numerous Celebrities Afflicted:<\/strong> Renowned physicist Stephen Hawking in the UK, New York Senator Jacob Javits, former US Vice President Henry A. Wallace, &#8220;SpongeBob SquarePants&#8221; creator Stephen Hillenburg,\u00a0 &#8220;Workaholics&#8221; Waymond Lee and Taiwanese former legislator Lin Zheng-feng and entertainment figure Ma Chi-Chin are among the many celebrities who have lost their lives to this disease.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>ALS Warriors and Role Models:<\/strong> Cai Lei, former Vice President of BOE Technology, was diagnosed with ALS in 2019. Afterward, he established a big data platform for ALS patients and continues to be actively involved in ALS treatment research and development. Additionally, Japan\u2019s parliament has the world\u2019s first ALS congressman, Yasuhiko Funago, who was diagnosed with ALS at the age of 41 and gradually became fully paralyzed. Refusing to bow to fate, he ultimately became a spokesperson for people with disabilities in parliament, earning widespread admiration.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Diagnosis:<\/strong> Early symptoms of ALS are challenging to detect, with typical manifestations being significant weakness or atrophy in the limb muscles, such as difficulty using hands adroitly or evident dragging or stumbling while walking. Additionally, 25% of patients may experience abnormalities in speech or swallowing. Subsequently, they begin to lose the ability to perform daily activities, such as walking, dressing, or holding utensils, and may develop obvious joint stiffness and muscle pain. Speech becomes increasingly unclear, swallowing becomes difficult, and rapid weight loss occurs. As leg weakness progresses, patients may initially use canes or walkers for support but ultimately become wheelchair-bound or bedridden. The progression of the disease can be measured clinically using the Revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R), which includes 12 items for clinical interviews or self-examination questionnaires, scored from 0 to 48 (with 48 being normal function). <\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>The differences between Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) andSpinocerebellar ataxia (SCA)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>:<\/strong> Although ALS and SCA may present with similar initial symptoms, they affect different parts of the brain and are fundamentally different diseases. Doctors assess for signs of cerebellar and spinal nerve dysfunction through clinical neurological examinations. Additionally, family history, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and genetic testing are used to diagnose cerebellar atrophy in patients.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>In the late stages of ALS, patients may appear as motionless as a vegetative state, but they might still retain consciousness and awareness, unable to communicate effectively with the outside world. For patients, this is a torment more distressing than death itself.<\/strong><\/span><\/li><\/ul><div>\u00a0<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40a00333 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"40a00333\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a460df elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5a460df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">The Nobel Prize Honors microRNA, Paving the Way for New Hope in ALS Treatment<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4f77b85 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"4f77b85\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-aae2579\" data-id=\"aae2579\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82d44ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"82d44ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1630\" height=\"1630\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/2024-Nobel-Prize-microRNA.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-10622\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/2024-Nobel-Prize-microRNA.png 1630w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/2024-Nobel-Prize-microRNA-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/2024-Nobel-Prize-microRNA-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/2024-Nobel-Prize-microRNA-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/2024-Nobel-Prize-microRNA-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/2024-Nobel-Prize-microRNA-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1630px) 100vw, 1630px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4901c0c\" data-id=\"4901c0c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9566f0b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9566f0b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The 2024 Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded to American developmental biologist Victor Ambros and molecular biologist Gary Ruvkun in recognition of their groundbreaking discoveries in the field of microRNA. Both scientists were prot\u00e9g\u00e9s of Robert Horvitz, who won the Nobel Prize in 2002. Their research challenged the \u201ccentral dogma\u201d of biology, which posits that RNA in cells merely serves as a messenger, ultimately forming proteins that control cellular functions. However, Ambros and Ruvkun discovered the existence of microRNA in <em>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/em> in 2000, proving that RNA plays a more critical role in regulating protein expression and cellular development. (Image source:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/NobelPrize\/status\/1843222798971679096\/photo\/1\" style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; transition-property: all; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">x.com\/NobelPrize<\/a>)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: rgb(13, 52, 74);\">The discovery of microRNA has had a revolutionary impact on research into neurodegenerative diseases, particularly in the case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Dr. Jun-An Chen&#8217;s team at Academia Sinica in Taiwan conducted extensive research on the role of microRNA in ALS. They found that in adult ALS patients, reduced levels of mir-1792 lead to the accumulation of harmful PTEN proteins, ultimately causing motor neuron death. By restoring mir-1792 levels through gene therapy, the abnormal PTEN expression was reversed, and the number and function of motor neurons were restored. This therapy showed significant improvements in motor function and extended lifespan in SOD1 G93A mice. (Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sinica.edu.tw\/en\/News_Content\/55\/898\">Academia Sinica website<\/a>)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">As research into microRNA biomarkers progresses, it holds promise for ALS diagnosis and may become a key clinical indicator in the development of new drugs, enhancing the success of drug development and advancing research into related neurodegenerative diseases.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3919eb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3919eb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aeb1173 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aeb1173\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Current Treatment Options for ALS<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-495ceaab elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"495ceaab\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-34c52248\" data-id=\"34c52248\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25e9fdd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"25e9fdd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/\u80f0\u81df\u764c\u6cbb\u7642.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-3062\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/\u80f0\u81df\u764c\u6cbb\u7642.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/\u80f0\u81df\u764c\u6cbb\u7642-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/\u80f0\u81df\u764c\u6cbb\u7642-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2d3710\" data-id=\"2d3710\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c09d294 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3c09d294\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>\n<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Chemotherapy<\/b><\/span><\/h6>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The US FDA has approved four drugs for the treatment of ALS. One of them is Riluzole, which can slow disease progression and increase the patient&#8217;s survival time. Another is Edaravone, which is used for specific types of ALS and helps reduce oxidative stress damage to motor neurons. The third is Relyvrio, approved in 2022, containing a combination of two drugs with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, protecting nerve cells from oxidative stress and inflammation damage. The fourth is Qalsody, a newly approved drug in 2023, and the first antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapy targeting the genetic cause of ALS.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Unfortunately, none of these treatments can fully cure ALS.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Supportive Therapy<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The medical team provides symptom management and support based on the course of the disease, including pain control, muscle spasm management, slowing muscle atrophy, and therapies for swallowing and speech difficulties, as well as respiratory support, etc.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7a05e53 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"7a05e53\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-07343ba\" data-id=\"07343ba\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36c44e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"36c44e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Headset-Brings-New-Opportunities.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-11544\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Headset-Brings-New-Opportunities.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Headset-Brings-New-Opportunities-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Headset-Brings-New-Opportunities-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e2735fa\" data-id=\"e2735fa\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-814c98a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"814c98a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><h6><strong style=\"font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Possibility of Language Restoration<\/strong><\/h6><\/li><\/ul><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">A recent study published in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2314132\">the New England Journal of Medicine<\/a> reported that an ALS patient successfully regained the ability to communicate verbally after receiving a text-to-speech microelectrode array (MEA) developed by Blackrock Neurotech. This demonstrates the potential of brain-computer interfaces (BCI) to help paralyzed patients restore their speech abilities. The study noted that the neuroprosthesis maintained a 97.5% accuracy rate within 8.4 months after surgical implantation. The participant engaged in self-paced conversations at a rate of approximately 32 words per minute, accumulating over 248 hours of use. This represents a significant breakthrough and promising news for ALS patients.<\/span><\/p><ul><li><h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Headset Brings New Opportunities<\/b><\/span><\/h6><\/li><\/ul><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\" data-start=\"44\" data-end=\"602\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The <strong data-start=\"48\" data-end=\"58\">Axon-R<\/strong> headset, developed by <strong data-start=\"81\" data-end=\"94\">Cognixion<\/strong>, offers a new communication option for late-stage <strong data-start=\"145\" data-end=\"184\">amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)<\/strong> patients. As ALS progressively robs patients of their ability to speak, even existing eye-tracking technologies can only provide temporary support. Eventually, many patients lose all means of communication due to disease progression. <strong data-start=\"419\" data-end=\"429\">Axon-R<\/strong> utilizes <strong data-start=\"439\" data-end=\"484\">brain-computer interface (BCI) technology<\/strong>, allowing patients to select text and communicate using brain activity, even when they can no longer move or speak.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\" data-start=\"604\" data-end=\"1196\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The device uses <strong data-start=\"620\" data-end=\"652\">electroencephalography (EEG)<\/strong> to detect <strong data-start=\"663\" data-end=\"712\">steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP)<\/strong> in the occipital lobe\u2014natural brain responses to flashing images at specific frequencies. By simply focusing their attention, patients can choose letters, words, or phrases in an <strong data-start=\"892\" data-end=\"918\">augmented reality (AR)<\/strong> interface, which are then conveyed via speech output or a screen display. Additionally, the headset features an <strong data-start=\"1031\" data-end=\"1072\">AI-powered &#8220;Conversational Co-Pilot,&#8221;<\/strong> which predicts full sentences based on the patient&#8217;s language patterns, significantly improving communication efficiency.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\" data-start=\"1198\" data-end=\"1310\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The device is currently undergoing clinical trials with patient recruitment in progress. <\/span><em data-start=\"1287\" data-end=\"1310\" data-is-last-node=\"\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">(Source:<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/spectrum.ieee.org\/als\">News<\/a><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c053f07 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"c053f07\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-682ee9f\" data-id=\"682ee9f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f09ef4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0f09ef4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"951\" height=\"593\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Neurlink-Nick-Wray.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-12582\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Neurlink-Nick-Wray.jpg 951w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Neurlink-Nick-Wray-300x187.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Neurlink-Nick-Wray-768x479.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 951px) 100vw, 951px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f11d81\" data-id=\"6f11d81\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8336a1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8336a1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><b style=\"color: #0d344a; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;\">Recreating daily life capabilities<\/b><\/li><\/ul><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The video of ALS (Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) patient Nick Wray successfully feeding himself using a Neuralink brain-controlled robotic arm garnered over 23 million views on Facebook within one week. The N1 chip implanted in Wray&#8217;s brain instantly converts neural signals into Bluetooth commands, allowing him to successfully perform complex tasks such as picking up cups and microwaving food. Currently, the trial includes 12 patients with ALS or spinal cord injuries, with some patients using their chips for up to seven hours daily.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch?v=2156731498188221\">https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch?v=2156731498188221<\/a><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67bfc816 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"67bfc816\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">China has successfully completed the world&#8217;s first wireless implanted Chinese language brain-computer interface surgery, implanting the &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadaily.com.cn\/a\/202503\/21\/WS67dd45f9a310c240449dc31f.html\">Beinao-1 (NeuCyber Matrix BMI System)<\/a>&#8221; smart brain-machine system in a 67-year-old ALS patient. This device efficiently captures neural signals, enabling the patient to control computers, robotic arms, and even regain partial motor function through thought. Currently, the language decoding accuracy has reached 52%, allowing for the interpretation of simple sentences, with the potential to expand to thousands of Chinese characters. This groundbreaking technology offers a new rehabilitation solution for patients with speech and motor impairments, paving the way for advancements in brain-computer interface applications in neurological disease treatment.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"\" data-start=\"244\" data-end=\"513\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">In addition, the Hubei Municipal Healthcare Security Administration promptly announced the official pricing guidelines for procedures related to &#8220;Beinao-1,&#8221; in accordance with directives from the National Healthcare Security Administration. The listed prices include:<\/span><\/p><ul data-start=\"514\" data-end=\"728\"><li class=\"\" data-start=\"514\" data-end=\"607\"><p class=\"\" data-start=\"516\" data-end=\"607\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">RMB 6,552 (approx. USD 900) for <strong data-start=\"551\" data-end=\"604\">implantation of invasive brain-computer interface<\/strong>,<\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"\" data-start=\"608\" data-end=\"663\"><p class=\"\" data-start=\"610\" data-end=\"663\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">RMB 3,139 (approx. USD 431) for <strong data-start=\"645\" data-end=\"656\">removal<\/strong>, and<\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"\" data-start=\"664\" data-end=\"728\"><p class=\"\" data-start=\"666\" data-end=\"728\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">RMB 966 (approx. USD 133) for <strong data-start=\"698\" data-end=\"725\">non-invasive adaptation<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><p class=\"\" data-start=\"730\" data-end=\"906\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">This marks the first time China has established national insurance pricing standards for brain-computer interface procedures, representing a significant milestone in the field (<a href=\"https:\/\/unwire.hk\/2025\/04\/02\/china-brain-manchine-new\/life-tech\/health\/amp\/\">Chinese news<\/a>).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56d7d3d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"56d7d3d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-e96b322 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"e96b322\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce12533\" data-id=\"ce12533\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daa213f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"daa213f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/BCI-to-iPhone-300x300.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-11915\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/BCI-to-iPhone-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/BCI-to-iPhone-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/BCI-to-iPhone-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/BCI-to-iPhone-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/BCI-to-iPhone.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-534d7c8\" data-id=\"534d7c8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9aab68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c9aab68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Synchron<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p class=\"\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"417\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">In May 2025, brain-computer interface (BCI) company Synchron announced that it had become the first to successfully integrate with Apple\u2019s latest BCI Human Interface Device (BCI HID) profile. This technological breakthrough enables users implanted with Synchron\u2019s Stentrode\u2122 device to control the iPhone, iPad, and Apple Vision Pro using only their thoughts\u2014without the need for physical movement or voice commands.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"\" data-start=\"419\" data-end=\"771\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The BCI HID converts neural signals into real-time digital commands and supports bidirectional communication with devices. This includes receiving contextual information such as screen layouts, which enhances decoding accuracy and user experience. The integration marks a significant step forward in combining assistive technologies with smart devices. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.businesswire.com\/news\/home\/20250513927084\/en\/Synchron-To-Achieve-First-Native-Brain-Computer-Interface-Integration-with-iPhone-iPad-and-Apple-Vision-Pro\">news<\/a>)<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4449085 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4449085\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25aa9c90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"25aa9c90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Current ALS Treatment Reference Drugs<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-881dee3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"881dee3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Currently, available drugs can only slow down the disease progression, with limited improvement in patients&#8217; survival and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=7010\">quality of life<\/a>. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more effective drugs to benefit patients.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-49af33fa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"49af33fa\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-45597ee\" data-id=\"45597ee\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5047ea73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5047ea73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"709\" height=\"709\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/\u91dd\u5291-1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-3081\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/\u91dd\u5291-1.png 709w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/\u91dd\u5291-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/\u91dd\u5291-1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6d15e3f6\" data-id=\"6d15e3f6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f0ce2f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f0ce2f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><strong>QALSODY\u2122&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">(Tofersen)<\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Qalsody is a newly approved ALS drug by the US FDA in April 2023. It requires administration through intrathecal injection performed by healthcare professionals experienced in lumbar puncture. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">It is a nucleic acid therapy that interferes with the expression of the SOD1 gene, blocking the synthesis of abnormal SOD1 protein. Abnormal SOD1 protein is considered a key factor in disease progression in some ALS patients. Tofersen aims to reduce the accumulation of abnormal SOD1 protein, thereby slowing down the progression of ALS.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Clinical trial results showed a significant reduction in plasma NfL concentration in patients with SOD-1 gene mutations receiving Qalsody treatment at week 28. This suggests that patients may achieve clinical benefits.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The most common side effects include pain, fatigue, joint pain, increased white blood cell count in cerebrospinal fluid, and muscle pain.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">In October 2024, approval was granted for the product to be marketed in China, making it the first treatment in China for adult ALS patients with superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene mutations (brand name: Kaishengdi\u2122) (source: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.prnasia.com\/story\/463633-1.shtml\">PR Newswire<\/a><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">In August 2025, it was approved by the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) for the treatment of ALS patients with SOD1 gene mutations.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">On August 20, 2025, Taiwan\u2019s Ministry of Health and Welfare added \u201cTofersen\u201d to the list of drugs recognized under the Rare Disease and Orphan Drug Act. Its approved indication is \u201cfor the treatment of adult patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) associated with mutations in the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene.\u201d (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov.tw\/TC\/newsContent.aspx?cid=3&amp;id=31170\" target=\"_blank\">Source<\/a>)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2f6dcf79 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"2f6dcf79\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1d5820b5\" data-id=\"1d5820b5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2da10953 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2da10953\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"709\" height=\"709\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/TS1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-3082\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/TS1.png 709w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/TS1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/TS1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-46733283\" data-id=\"46733283\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a674324 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a674324\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong>Rilutek\uff08Riluzole\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">This drug is related to the inhibition of excitatory neurotransmission associated with glutamate antagonism. Glutamate itself is an excitatory amino acid believed to be associated with excitotoxicity leading to neurodegeneration. However, the exact cause of ALS remains unknown, and this is one of the possible hypotheses.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The drug has been reported in the brochure to extend survival time or delay the use of mechanical ventilation in end-stage ALS patients. Clinical trial results showed that the median survival period in the treatment group was 17.7 months, which was higher than the placebo group with 14.9 months.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Some potential side effects may include weakness, fatigue, nausea, and abnormal liver function tests.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><ul>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5552b309 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"5552b309\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b68c27b\" data-id=\"2b68c27b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-251eba44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"251eba44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/\u91dd\u5291.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2803\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/\u91dd\u5291.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/\u91dd\u5291-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/\u91dd\u5291-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2f4af4\" data-id=\"6f2f4af4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27e21742 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"27e21742\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><strong><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Radicava<\/span>\u00ae (Edaravone)<\/strong><\/h6><div><ul><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Intravenous injection formulation, the active ingredient of which is Radicut, exerts its effect as a free radical scavenger, preventing oxidative stress-induced damage to neurons and slowing down the decline of functional loss in ALS patients. This antioxidant approach is believed to provide neuroprotective effects to the nervous system, thus slowing disease progression or additional damage to neurons.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Compared to the placebo group, patients treated with Edaravone showed a significantly smaller decline in ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) scores (-5.01) compared to the placebo group (-7.50).<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, headache, and fatigue.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fa682a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2fa682a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-497e380 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"497e380\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Investigational Drugs<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d422221 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"d422221\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-149b2cb\" data-id=\"149b2cb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0ab473 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e0ab473\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ibudilast.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-12807\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ibudilast.png 1080w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ibudilast-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ibudilast-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ibudilast-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ibudilast-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9d82f7e\" data-id=\"9d82f7e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-183817d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"183817d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong><b>Ibudilast<\/b> (MN-166)<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">MN-166 is a small-molecule PDE4 inhibitor that has long been used in Japan to treat asthma and cerebral circulation disorders. Its mechanism in treating Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) involves reducing the overactivation of microglia in the brain to achieve anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The drug has been granted Orphan Drug and Fast Track designations by the U.S. FDA. As of February 2026, enrollment for MediciNova&#8217;s Expanded Access Program (EAP) has reached 50%, while the pivotal Phase III clinical trial is currently underway.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Clinical data indicates that MN-166 maintains a favorable safety profile when used in combination with Riluzole, with common side effects including nausea or loss of appetite.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div><font color=\"#0d344a\">Reference: <a href=\"https:\/\/alsnewstoday.com\/news\/expanded-access-program-als-drug-mn-166-50-enrollment\/\">ALS news today<\/a><\/font><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-68f2130f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"68f2130f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d174873\" data-id=\"3d174873\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e3cede1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4e3cede1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"709\" height=\"709\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u7c89\u5291.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-3150\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u7c89\u5291.png 709w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u7c89\u5291-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u7c89\u5291-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-475b42d8\" data-id=\"475b42d8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-400d08d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"400d08d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><strong><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">RELYVRIO\u2122 (AMX0035, sodium phenylbutyrate and taurursodiol)<\/span><\/strong><\/h6><ul><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">New Drug Approved by the US FDA in September 2022. Developed by Amylyx, this new drug is a combination of two medications, sodium phenylbutyrate (PB), and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TURSO). PB is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, believed to protect nerve cells from oxidative stress and inflammation. TURSO, on the other hand, is thought to inhibit cellular stress and reduce cell apoptosis, contributing to the maintenance of healthy nerve cells.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Clinical trial results showed that in the RELYVRIO treatment group, the average baseline total score of the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) at week 24 was 29.06, which declined less compared to the placebo group with 26.73.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The most common side effects include diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, and upper respiratory tract infections.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p><strong><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The U.S. FDA required a Phase III clinical trial to be conducted post-market. In March 2024, the product was voluntarily withdrawn from the market because the topline data released did not meet the primary and secondary clinical endpoints (In January 2025, the company announced that the FDA had lifted the clinical hold on their ALS treatment trial).\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0e9f18b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"0e9f18b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a96e084\" data-id=\"a96e084\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70abb5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"70abb5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/HK-001-soft-capsules.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7274\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/HK-001-soft-capsules.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/HK-001-soft-capsules-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/HK-001-soft-capsules-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/HK-001-soft-capsules-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/HK-001-soft-capsules-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1858df8\" data-id=\"1858df8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6a5693 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6a5693\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong><b>HK-001 Soft Capsules&nbsp; &gt;&gt;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=3417\">more<\/a><\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The HK-001 soft capsules developed by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=1745\">Everfront Biotech Inc.<\/a>&nbsp;contains a small molecule active pharmaceutical ingredient EF-API-001 produced under PIC\/S GMP standards. Through targeted inhibition of mTor and suppression of excessive autophagy, it aims to delay the progression of ALS in patients.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=3417\">HK-001 capsule<\/a>&nbsp;is an oral dosage form, and two improvements were observed in animal testing results (ALS mice,&nbsp;<span style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;\">SOD1<\/span><span style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; line-height: 1; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; height: 0px; position: relative; bottom: 1ex;\">G93A<\/span>&nbsp;mice):<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Delayed onset of ALS progression:&nbsp;<\/b>Using a BBB scale (Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan scale) score of less than 15 as the disease onset threshold, it was observed that the onset time of ALS in mice orally administered with HK-001 was delayed compared to the control drug Riluzole.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Prolonged survival in ALS:<\/b>&nbsp;The survival of ALS mice orally administered with HK-001 was superior to the untreated group and also superior to the control drug Riluzole.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a909087 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"a909087\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-eafa295\" data-id=\"eafa295\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a39365c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a39365c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u7d30\u80de\u6cbb\u7642.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-10694\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u7d30\u80de\u6cbb\u7642.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u7d30\u80de\u6cbb\u7642-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u7d30\u80de\u6cbb\u7642-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-21daf2d\" data-id=\"21daf2d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9a5b8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e9a5b8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><strong><b>More Investigational Drugs<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h6><div><ul><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">At the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) Annual Meeting on April 5, 2025, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma presented research indicating that oral edaravone is safe for ALS patients over a 144-week period, with no new safety concerns observed. Edaravone was originally approved by the FDA in 2017 in its intravenous form (brand name Radicava) for the treatment of ALS, and in 2022, the FDA approved the oral suspension formulation (Radicava ORS)(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.neurologyadvisor.com\/reports\/oral-edaravone-safe-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-through-144-weeks\/\">news<\/a>).<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">At the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) Annual Meeting on April 5, 2025, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma presented research indicating that oral edaravone is safe for ALS patients over a 144-week period, with no new safety concerns identified. Edaravone was originally approved by the FDA in 2017 for the treatment of ALS in its intravenous form, marketed under the brand name Radicava. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.neurologyadvisor.com\/reports\/oral-edaravone-safe-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-through-144-weeks\/\">news<\/a>)<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">In January 2025, the FDA approved Zydus&#8217;s NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor (Usnoflast) for a Phase IIb clinical trial to treat ALS. According to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicaltrialsarena.com\/news\/fda-zydus-usnoflast-als\/?cf-view\">the latest news<\/a>, the primary endpoint of the trial is the change in the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) total score from baseline to week 36. Additionally, the trial will also monitor and analyze various biomarkers, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukins IL-18, IL-6, IL-1\u03b2, NLRP3, and serum amyloid A protein (ASAA).<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">In October 2024, a research team from Tokushima University announced that their new ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) drug, &#8220;Rozebalamin (Mecobalamin),&#8221; has received production and sales approval. In clinical trials conducted in collaboration with Eisai Co., Ltd., the drug was found to effectively slow disease progression and extend the lifespan of ALS patients diagnosed within the past year by approximately 500 days. This study confirmed the neuroprotective effects of high-dose Mecobalamin and found it to be safe with no serious adverse reactions. The research team will continue to advance the development of early diagnosis guidelines and explore the mechanisms of ALS. (Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.keguanjp.com\/kgjp_keji\/kgjp_kj_smkx\/pt20241030000013.html\">Chinese News<\/a>)<\/span><\/li><li><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">At the Northeast ALS Consortium (NEALS) Annual Meeting held from October 21-24, 2024, Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics shared data from its Expanded Access Program (EAP). The NurOwn therapy involves collecting mesenchymal stem cells from the patient, modifying them in the lab to secrete molecules that promote neural health, and then injecting them back into the patient\u2019s spinal canal. Although the therapy did not achieve its goal of slowing ALS progression in a Phase 3 clinical trial completed in 2020, ten patients chose to continue participating in the EAP. These participants received a total of six additional treatment injections. Results indicated that patients treated with NurOwn survived an average of 46.6 months, nearly two years, which is 5.5 months longer than the historical control group. This difference is significant (<a href=\"https:\/\/alsnewstoday.com\/news\/long-term-nurown-use-shows-survival-benefit-als-analysis\/\">original source<\/a>).<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25d1d942 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"25d1d942\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-747b960b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"747b960b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Care and Considerations for ALS Patients<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-29d09e14 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"29d09e14\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-32043a13\" data-id=\"32043a13\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-498dd6fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"498dd6fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-2911\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20.png 709w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-75b88a5a\" data-id=\"75b88a5a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a236304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a236304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Assistance with Activities of Daily Living<\/b><\/span><\/h6><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Due to muscle weakness, ALS patients may have difficulty completing daily activities such as eating, bathing, and dressing. Family members can provide necessary assistance with daily tasks, such as using feeding tubes, wheelchairs, etc., to help patients better cope with their daily needs.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Although ALS patients can communicate with the outside world through speech, as their motor neurons gradually degenerate, their speech becomes increasingly unclear. To address this, scientists are continuously developing brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies specifically designed for patients with degenerative diseases. For instance, Synchron recently announced that an ALS patient successfully used a device implanted in the blood vessels on the surface of the brain to &#8220;click&#8221; on icons on a tablet with their thoughts. With mere thought, the patient could play music, control smart home devices, and even make phone calls. Additionally, Neuralink, the brain-chip innovation company under Tesla CEO Elon Musk, is currently conducting clinical trials for brain-implanted chips. These technological innovations aim to enable ALS patients to continue communicating with the outside world, freeing them from being trapped in their isolated physical state.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Project Humanity, initiated by Japan\u2019s welfare organization With ALS, uses electromyographic (EMG) sensors installed on the body to detect subtle biological signals and convert them into control information for virtual images (such as waving, walking, and jumping). These movements are then reflected in a virtual avatar. Even tiny movements, like a slight twitch of a fingertip (about 2mm), can be detected. The goal of this technology is to help ALS patients regain a sense of physical reality, with hopes that it can soon be widely applied to benefit many patients.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Led by Dean Zhang Yushan, a team of 20 faculty and students from National Taipei University has developed two AI software systems\u2014ezTalk and Voice Bank\u2014aimed at helping individuals with speech impairments overcome communication challenges. A notable example is the participation of 20 ALS patients in the initial trials. These systems utilize AI deep learning technology to enhance speech recognition accuracy by recording and matching personal language corpora, and provide speech synthesis services to enable more precise expression for those with speech difficulties. Even though the project lacks commercial scale, the team at National Taipei University remains committed to advocating for communication equality and assisting those in need. (<a href=\"https:\/\/tw.news.yahoo.com\/6%E5%80%8B%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%B2%E7%B6%93%E7%84%A1%E6%B3%95%E8%AA%AA%E8%A9%B1-%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B820%E5%90%8D%E5%B8%AB%E7%94%9F-%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B%E5%81%9A%E4%B8%8D%E8%B3%BA%E9%8C%A2%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%8B-%E8%AE%93ai%E5%B9%AB%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99%E8%80%85%E8%AA%AA%E8%A9%B1-083532182.html\">Chinese News<\/a>)<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3ecc874a elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"3ecc874a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-14de8b4f\" data-id=\"14de8b4f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44c85841 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"44c85841\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/\u96fb\u7642-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-12432\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/\u96fb\u7642-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/\u96fb\u7642-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/\u96fb\u7642.png 709w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-718e59ef\" data-id=\"718e59ef\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76273a32 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76273a32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation<\/b><\/span><\/h6><p data-start=\"69\" data-end=\"339\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">As ALS progresses, patients gradually lose abilities related to movement and swallowing. <strong data-start=\"158\" data-end=\"178\">Physical therapy<\/strong> can help maintain muscle strength and relieve pain, while <strong data-start=\"237\" data-end=\"261\">occupational therapy<\/strong> supports the preservation of swallowing, speech, and respiratory functions.<\/span><\/p><p data-start=\"341\" data-end=\"847\"><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Recently, a device called <a href=\"https:\/\/www.neu.fit\/the-neubie\/\"><strong data-start=\"367\" data-end=\"377\">NEUBIE<\/strong><\/a>, which delivers direct current stimulation to the nervous system, has been developed. This technology helps reconnect the brain with muscles that have been impaired by injury or neurodegenerative disease. By directly stimulating the nervous system, therapists can retrain motor patterns in ways that conventional physical therapy devices cannot, thereby improving function, slowing the decline associated with ALS, and helping patients maintain their quality of life.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d68e3a9 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"d68e3a9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-62cb18c\" data-id=\"62cb18c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9acb6e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9acb6e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u547c\u5438\u5668-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-3136\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u547c\u5438\u5668-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u547c\u5438\u5668-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u547c\u5438\u5668.png 709w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d62070\" data-id=\"7d62070\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ac5e6f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9ac5e6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Assisted Breathing<\/b><\/span><\/h6><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">As ALS progresses, patients may experience respiratory difficulties. Providing appropriate respiratory support, such as using a ventilator or oxygen device, can help patients maintain normal breathing function.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-36ce89f4 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"36ce89f4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5803e9ad\" data-id=\"5803e9ad\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-771205c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"771205c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u9935\u98df-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-3134\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u9935\u98df-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u9935\u98df-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u9935\u98df.png 709w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-485eab1b\" data-id=\"485eab1b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71839e00 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71839e00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Nutrition and Eating<\/b><\/span><\/h6><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">ALS patients may face swallowing difficulties that affect their nutritional intake. Providing suitable food states based on the condition, using feeding tubes or liquid nutritional supplements, can ensure that patients receive adequate nutrition.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Some studies have indicated a correlation between the obesity status of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and the previously observed higher survival rates in ALS mouse models under high-calorie diets. This may be attributed to the ample energy provided by high-calorie diets, which could improve the prognosis of metabolically hyperactive patients and potentially reduce the risk of respiratory failure.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/17562864241309811\">A study<\/a> has shown that ALS patients with constipation tend to have lower functional scores and faster disease progression. The research team conducted a study on 190 ALS patients and found that 50% of them suffered from constipation (compared to 14% in the general population). Therefore, attention should be paid to dietary measures to prevent constipation.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-40d81fb8 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"40d81fb8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-298e8014\" data-id=\"298e8014\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19277354 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"19277354\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/19-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-2910\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/19-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/19-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/19.png 709w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-76f18bb7\" data-id=\"76f18bb7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-182e7c7b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"182e7c7b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Psychological and Emotional Support<\/b><\/span><\/h6><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">The diagnosis and progression of ALS bring significant psychological and emotional stress to patients and their families. Offering psychological support, participating in relevant support groups, seeking professional counseling, etc., can help patients and their families cope with emotional challenges and enhance psychological resilience.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">What patients\u2019 families want to know most is whether ALS will get better? Since there is currently no cure for ALS, as the disease progresses, patients gradually lose their ability to exercise, which may eventually affect the function of respiratory muscles. In addition to assisting with breathing and living functions to improve the quality of life, the most important thing is psychological support, which is also the assistance that family members can best provide to patients.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Additionally, we can refer to the experience of an ALS patient, Dagmar Munn, who has been living with the condition for 14 years and remains an active moderator on the ALS Today forum. When Dagmar feels unmotivated due to ALS, she often uses several strategies to help herself break free from the &#8220;lag time.&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/alsnewstoday.com\/columns\/what-do-feeling-unmotivated-life-als\/\">original source<\/a>)<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Live each day according to your vision of a perfect day, striving to accomplish the things you want to achieve daily. Take good care of yourself by ensuring quality sleep, staying hydrated, eating healthy foods, and maintaining a regular meal schedule. Reserve some quiet &#8220;me time&#8221; for yourself.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">She hopes patients live well in the present and face each day with hope.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-35448e30 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"35448e30\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ac0ffdd\" data-id=\"ac0ffdd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ec4ac09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5ec4ac09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u6276\u6301-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-3135\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u6276\u6301-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u6276\u6301-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u6276\u6301.png 709w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-56a2a99\" data-id=\"56a2a99\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6803771f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6803771f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Safety Environment<\/b><\/span><\/h6><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">Due to muscle weakness, ALS patients are prone to falling or losing balance. Providing a safe and comfortable environment, such as removing floor obstacles, installing handrails, using non-slip mats, etc., can reduce the risk of accidents.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1ab2ad3f elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"1ab2ad3f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a23ff9f\" data-id=\"4a23ff9f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-453cf481 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"453cf481\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/18-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-2909\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/18-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/18-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/18.png 709w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2fc3cc2a\" data-id=\"2fc3cc2a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40e7af97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"40e7af97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\"><b>Regular Monitoring and Treatment<\/b><\/span><\/h6><p><span style=\"color: #0d344a;\">ALS is a progressive disease, requiring regular monitoring and adjustments to the treatment plan to monitor disease progression and modify treatment approaches accordingly.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-829135c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"829135c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6700571d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6700571d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Reference<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-069e8fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"069e8fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mnda.org.tw\/\">https:\/\/www.mnda.org.tw\/<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.als.org\/\">https:\/\/www.als.org\/<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/info.fda.gov.tw\/MLMS\/ShowFile.aspx?LicId=02021905&amp;Seq=007&amp;Type=9\">https:\/\/info.fda.gov.tw\/MLMS\/ShowFile.aspx?LicId=02021905&amp;Seq=007&amp;Type=9<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2017\/209176lbl.pdf\">https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2017\/209176lbl.pdf<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/news-events-human-drugs\/fda-approves-treatment-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-associated-mutation-sod1-gene\">https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/news-events-human-drugs\/fda-approves-treatment-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-associated-mutation-sod1-gene<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2022\/216660s000lbledt.pdf\">https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2022\/216660s000lbledt.pdf<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(14)60222-1\/abstract\">https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(14)60222-1\/abstract<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2314132\">https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2314132<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.msn.com\/zh-tw\/health\/topic\/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%BC%B8%E5%87%8D%E4%BA%BA%E4%BE%86%E5%8F%B0%E6%B2%BB%E7%99%82%E6%89%8B%E8%83%BD%E8%88%89-%E9%95%B7%E4%BA%8C%E9%A0%AD%E8%82%8C-%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E7%84%A1%E8%A7%A3%E7%9A%84%E6%BC%B8%E5%87%8D%E7%97%87%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%AD%E8%A5%BF%E9%86%AB%E5%90%88%E7%99%82%E4%B8%8B%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%9B%E9%80%86%E8%BD%89\/ar-AA1oNjP9\">https:\/\/www.msn.com\/zh-tw\/health\/topic\/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%BC%B8%E5%87%8D%E4%BA%BA%E4%BE%86%E5%8F%B0%E6%B2%BB%E7%99%82%E6%89%8B%E8%83%BD%E8%88%89-%E9%95%B7%E4%BA%8C%E9%A0%AD%E8%82%8C-%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E7%84%A1%E8%A7%A3%E7%9A%84%E6%BC%B8%E5%87%8D%E7%97%87%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%AD%E8%A5%BF%E9%86%AB%E5%90%88%E7%99%82%E4%B8%8B%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%9B%E9%80%86%E8%BD%89\/ar-AA1oNjP9<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4359868 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4359868\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Websites related to caring for ALS<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a87ecdc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a87ecdc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mnda.org.tw\/\">Taiwan Motor Neuron Diease Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tfrd2.org.tw\/tfrd_eng\/\">Taiwan Foundation for Rare Dieases<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a style=\"font-size: 14px;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.als.org\/\">The ALS Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a style=\"font-size: 14px;\" href=\"https:\/\/alsnetwork.org\/\">ALS Network<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a style=\"font-size: 14px;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mndassociation.org\/\">Motor Neuron Diease Association<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iamals.org\/\">I AM ALS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/als.ca\/\">ALS Society of Canada<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/alsjapan.org\/\">Japan ALS Asssociation<\/a><\/li><li>With ALS<\/li>\n<\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12ef2e59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"12ef2e59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a6271ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4a6271ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">This article is provided for informational purposes only regarding industry information. The development of new drugs involves lengthy timelines, high financial investments, and is not guaranteed to be successful. These factors may expose investors to risks, and therefore, investors should exercise caution and prudence when making investment decisions.<\/span>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-46913ed elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"46913ed\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4549d65\" data-id=\"4549d65\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d08b09a elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"d08b09a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.11.5 - 14-03-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-divider{--divider-border-style:none;--divider-border-width:1px;--divider-color:#2c2c2c;--divider-icon-size:20px;--divider-element-spacing:10px;--divider-pattern-height:24px;--divider-pattern-size:20px;--divider-pattern-url:none;--divider-pattern-repeat:repeat-x}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider{display:flex}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{font-size:15px;line-height:1;max-width:95%}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__element{margin:0 var(--divider-element-spacing);flex-shrink:0}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-icon{font-size:var(--divider-icon-size)}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider-separator{display:flex;margin:0;direction:ltr}.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator{align-items:center}.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator:before{display:block;content:\"\";border-bottom:0;flex-grow:1;border-top:var(--divider-border-width) var(--divider-border-style) var(--divider-color)}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider .elementor-divider-separator>.elementor-divider__svg:first-of-type{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:100}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider-separator:before{content:none}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider__element{margin-left:0}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider .elementor-divider-separator>.elementor-divider__svg:last-of-type{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:100}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider-separator:after{content:none}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider__element{margin-right:0}.elementor-widget-divider:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text):not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon) .elementor-divider-separator{border-top:var(--divider-border-width) var(--divider-border-style) var(--divider-color)}.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern{--divider-border-style:none}.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern.elementor-widget-divider--view-line .elementor-divider-separator,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line) .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line) .elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not([class*=elementor-widget-divider--view]) .elementor-divider-separator{width:100%;min-height:var(--divider-pattern-height);-webkit-mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;-webkit-mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);background-color:var(--divider-color);-webkit-mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url);mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url)}.elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing{--divider-pattern-size:auto}.elementor-widget-divider--bg-round{--divider-pattern-repeat:round}.rtl .elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{direction:rtl}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-divider,.e-con>.elementor-widget-divider{width:var(--container-widget-width,100%);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90bec00 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"90bec00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Development Pipeline<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6ee8e7b elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"6ee8e7b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-78c7366\" data-id=\"78c7366\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-9652c30 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"9652c30\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7224553\" data-id=\"7224553\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05e3a7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"05e3a7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pipeline-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1709\" alt=\"Pepline - EF-001\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pipeline-1.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pipeline-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pipeline-1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee1a6f3 elementor-align-center e-transform e-transform elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"ee1a6f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_transform_scale_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.03,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=1778\" class=\"elementor-button-link elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">EF-001<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-810c98d\" data-id=\"810c98d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e1743c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8e1743c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1710\" alt=\"Pepline - EF-009\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-2.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-2-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-2-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-690bfcc elementor-align-center e-transform e-transform elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"690bfcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_transform_scale_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.03,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=1870\" class=\"elementor-button-link elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">EF-009<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-db4a767\" data-id=\"db4a767\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-19db2f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"19db2f5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-228103c\" data-id=\"228103c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61cc9ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"61cc9ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-3.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1711\" alt=\"Pepline - HK-001\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-3.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-3-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pepline-3-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eaeb095 elementor-align-center e-transform e-transform elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"eaeb095\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_transform_scale_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.03,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=3417\" class=\"elementor-button-link elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">HK-001<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d0067eb\" data-id=\"d0067eb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5c515f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c5c515f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pepline-4-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1713\" alt=\"Pepline - EF-031\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pepline-4-1.png 400w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pepline-4-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pepline-4-1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c47f2b elementor-align-center e-transform e-transform elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4c47f2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_transform_scale_effect&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.03,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scale_effect_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleX_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_scaleY_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=5401\" class=\"elementor-button-link elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">EF-031<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Amyotrophic Lateral <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5863"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5863"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5863\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12814,"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5863\/revisions\/12814"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.efbiotech.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5863"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}